Muffler with divided flow passages



July 11, 1950 u. SAUER MUFFLER WITH DIVIDED FLOW PASSAGES 2 Sheets-Sheet1 Filed June 3, 1946 gawam/bo o Mian Salazar July 11, 1950 u. SAUERMUFFLER WITH DIVIDED FLOW PASSAGES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 3, 19463mm Ur5an Sauar Patented July 11, 1950 MUFFLER WITH DIVIDED FLOWPASSAGES Urban Sauer, Pittsburgh, Pa., assignor of fortymneone-hundredths to Harry R. Levy, Mc-

Keesport, Pa.

Application June 3, 1946, Serial No. 673,943

4 Claims. (01. 181-44) This invention relates to mufflers for internalcombustion engines and is an improvement over the construction shown inmy copending application, Serial No. 550,445 filed August 21, 1944, nowPatent Number 2,403,403 for Muffler.

An object of this invention is to provide a muffler which will preventthe accumulation and storage of expanded gases in the resonating andexpansion chambers.

Another object of this invention is to provide a muffler which willsubstantially reduce the sound level and also substantially reduce, ifnot entirel eliminate, back pressure.

A further object of this invention is to provide a mufiler of this kindwhich can be made in a substantially reduced size, both as to length anddiameter, thereby efiecting a very material saving in material and cost.

A further object of this invention is to provide a muffler of this kindwhich, due to substantial elimination of back pressure, will have theeffect of increasing acceleration of the engine.

A further object of this invention is to provide a -muffler of simpleconstruction which can be readily assembled and produced at relativelysmall cost.

With the above and other objects in view, my invention consists in thearrangement, combination' and details of construction disclosed in thedrawings and specification, and then more particularly pointed out inthe appended claims.

In the drawings, wherein similar reference characters designate similarparts throughout the respective views,

Figure 1 is a detail side elevation of a muffler constructed accordingto an embodiment of this invention,

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2,

Figure 4 is a forward end elevation of the mufiier,

Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of a modified form of this muffler,

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 66 of Figure 5,

,Figure 7 is a fragmentar longitudinal section of another modificationof this invention.

Referring to the drawings, and first to Figures a tapered nozzle [5having openings 11. The nozzle [5 terminates rearward of the forward endof the conical member l2. An intermediate cylindrical member I3 disposedconcentrically about pipe [4 within the body II and divides the interiorof body ll into an outer low pressure chamber l9 and an inner expansionchamber 20. The intermediate member or wall [8 is formed with aplurality of holes 2| so that the gases discharged through openings I5and expanding in the expansion chamber 26 will pass through cligienings2| into the outer low pressure chamber An inner imperforate wall 22 issecured to the forward end of pipe M and also is secured within theintermediate member l8 at the forward end of the latter. The forward endof the intermediate member |8 is formed with a frustoconical end member23 terminating rearward of the forward end of outer member 12. Aplurality of spirally arranged blades 24 are disposed in the spacebetween the frusto-conical member 23 and the outer member 12 so that theforwardly moving gases will be given a spiral motion, the vortex ofwhich is forwardly of the forward end of the frusto-conical member 23and forwardly of the forward end of the nozzle ii.

The pipe [4 has fixed thereto a plurality of lengthwise spaced apartconical members 25 which are formed with openings 26. The conicalmembers 25 are fixed at their larger or base ends which are rearwardlydisposed to the intermediate member l8. These conical members 25 dividethe expansion chamber 26 into a pair of expansion chambers 20a and 26b.The forward end of the outer conical member [2 has fixed thereto anipple 2?, by means of which the forward or discharge end of the casingmay be secured to a tail pipe or the like for carrying of the expandedgases. The gases from openings are discharged into chamber 23a which isformed A between nozzle It and cone 23, and the gases from chamber 23aand from nozzle l6 mix with the swirling gases passing the spiral bladesin vortex or mixing chamber 2111.

Referring now to Figures 5 and 6, there is disclosed a modified form ofthis invention embodying a casing or jacket generally designated as 28.The jacket 28 includes a cylindrical body 29 having an imperforate rearwall 34] and imperforate conical forward end 3| terminating in adischarge nipple 32. A perforate intermediate member 33 is disposedwithin the body 29 and forms an outer low pressure chamber 34 betweenthe body 29 and the intermediate member 33.

The intake pipe 35 extends centrally through the intermediate member 33,terminating at its forward end in the tapered nozzle 36 having openings31. The pipe 35 is formed with a plurality of openings 38 fordischarging the gases into the expansion chamber which is positionedbetween the pipe 35 and the intermediate member 33.

A conical member 39,. formed with apertures- 40, is fixed between thepipe 35 and the intermediate member 33 and divides the expansion chamber4! into a pair of expansion chambers Ma and Mb. The conical member 39has thesmall end thereof disposed rearwardly and the larger or base endterminating adjacent theinner imperforate wall 42 which is fixed betweenthe forward end of pipe 35 and the intermediate member The intermediatemember 33 has extending from the forward end thereof a frustoconicalmember 43 which. terminates rearwardly of the forward end of the outerconical member 3!, thereby forming a vortex or suction chamber 44-forwardly of the nozzle 35.

A; plurality of spirally arranged blades 45 are fixed between theconical member 43 and the outer conical member 3! so that the forwardlymoving gases from the low pressure chamber 34- will be given a spiralmovement, thereby increasing the velocity of these gases in order that apartial vacuum may be genera-ted in the vortex chamber d i'forwithdrawing gases from. the inner chamber it which is positioned betweenthe nozzle 35 and the frusto-conical member 43.

'In Figure 7, there is disclosed another modification of this inventionwherein the spiral blades shown in Figures 2 and are eliminated.Theouter forward cone 4'! has-an intermediate imperforate frusto-conical member disposed concentrically thereof, forming a space 48within which the gases are to move forwardly into a forward chamber 49,The intake pipe has a tapered nozzle 53 extending therefrom and in thisinstance the nozzle 50 is formed without the side openings.

The advantage of the spiral passages in. the tapered cone is that thegases will evacuate faster, as when they are set to spinning theyacquire a faster momentum and being directed toward a center they willcreate a vacuum in the center of the crossing streams, which, when thepressure in the outer chamber is higher than the pressure in the centralstream, will have a suction effect upon: the gases moving in the centralstream. Without the spiral passages there will still be an increase inthe velocity of. the gases in the out.- side chamber by reason of thetapered cones which will also tend to accelerate the evacuation of thegases in the outside chamber. By having the. taper at the forward end ofthe central main high pressure tube, there is also obtained a degree.

of suction. in the exit between the end. of the taper and'the outlet,which, in case the pressure of: the gas coming out at the tapered end ofthis tube is higher than the pressure of the gas inthe outside chamber,willihave a suction effect upon the gases in the outside chamber.

The muffler may be assembled by first welding the cone or cones anddiscs-tothe central tube and nozzle. The intermediate shell. can then bewelded to the cones and discs. and where the spiral blades are used'these can be welded or otherwise secured to the conical end of theintermediate member. The outer casing can then be welded to at least onedisc and the spiralblades.

The conical baflles in the intermediate cham:- ber have a tendency tofilter the sound and to move the gases forwardly in the arrangementwhere'the small end is rearwardly disposed, and the greater advantage insilencing where the. small. end is forwardly disposed, which. tendsto.

throw the sound waves back and mufile the echo.

I do not mean to confine myself to the exact details of constructionherein. disclosed but claim all variations falling within the purview ofthe appended claims.

What I claim is:

l. A muffler comprising an outer casing formed of a cylindrical body,rear wall and a conical forward end, an intake pipe extending coaxiallyof said casing, said intake pipe including a tapered forward endterminating within said conical forward. end. of said casing, saidintake pipe having openings throughout the length thereof, anintermediate. perforate cylindrical wall about said pipe and coaxialtherewith and dividing said casing into anouter low pressure chamber andan intermediate expansion chamber, a plurality of.

perforate conical forwardly converging membersextending between saidintermediate wall and.

said pipe dividing said expansion chamber into a pair. of expansionchambers, an imperforate truncated conical forward end extending from.said intermediate wall and terminating forwardly of the forward end ofsaid pipe, an imperforate: annular wall extending between theforwardendof said pipe and of said intermediate cylindrical.

wall, and spiral blades between the conical forward end of said body andof. said intermediate 3. A muiiier as set forth in claim. 1 whereinthesmall end of said conical member is rearwardly disposed.

4. A muffler comprising'an outer casing formed. of a cylindrical body,rear wall and a conical.

forward end, an intake pipe extending coaxially of said casing, atapered nozzle extending from:

the forward end of said intake pipe and terminating within said conicalforward end, said intake pipe having openings rearwardly of said nozzle,

said easing into an outer low pressure chamberand an intermediateexpansion chamber, a' plu-- rality of perforate conical forwardlyconverging members extending between said intermediate:

wall and said pipe dividing said expansion chamber into a, plurality ofexpansion chambers, an

imperforate truncated conical forward end extending from saidintermediate wall andT'terminating forwardly of the forward end of saidpipe,

an annular imperforatc wall. extending between the forward end of saidpipe and of said inter mediate cylindrical wall, and spiral. blades. be-

tween the conical forward end of said body an i REFERENCES CITED The"following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 830,6ii0 Goldman Sept. 11, 190.61,076,494 Galanine Oct. 21, 1918 2,036,133 Haas Mar. 31, 1936 FOREIGNPATENTS Number Country Date 408,446 Great Britain Apr; 12, 1934*

